In a simple answer, yes, but you will not get one from just using it. It's generally not the toy itself, but outside factors involved. The real reason that you will get a yeast infection from using a vibrator is it changes the pH level in your vagina making it a more susceptible environment for yeast to thrive. There are several reasons that this is possible.
First, make sure you’re not allergic to any of the materials the vibrator is made with, having an allergic reaction will greatly reduce the ability your body will have to combat the yeast. Yeast is always found in the body, and if your body has to work to create histimanes to combat the allergies, you can bet your immune system will be weaker. Second, make sure you’re not using the vibrator with lubricants you may have a reaction to, which goes back to the allergy issue. Finally, make sure the toy is cleaned thoroughly after each use. The latter point is the one that contributes to many women developing yeast infections, as unclean toys used for sexual activity are a breeding ground for bacterial and fungal organisms. Use a fragrance free soap that you're not allergic to, to clean toys avoiding the electrical components. If they are stainless steel or glass some toys can be put in the dishwasher or even boiled. If you have a toy that is jelly like, you should use a condom with it to make sure that it is always clean. After you're done using the toy, make sure it is thoroughly dried and the storage area is clean and dry as well, otherwise it's possible mildew or mold will form. Gross but true. Removing all batteries and rings can also be beneficial.
Remember, cleanliness, in all aspects of sexual activity, is paramount.